The lawsuit centers on a constitutional safeguard that applies after many warrantless arrests: people generally must be brought promptly before a judicial officer for a probable-cause determination. In *Caddell v. Campbell*, the plaintiffs allege that between Feb. 1, 2017, and Feb. 28, 2019, Fairfield police arrested individuals without warrants and that those individuals were then held at the Butler County Jail on Fairfield Municipal Court matters for more than 48 hours without a judge making that required probable-cause finding. A $1.215 million settlement—funded by the City of Fairfield along with Fairfield Municipal Court Judge Joyce Campbell and the Butler County Sheriff—creates payments for eligible class members, including a base $500 plus additional compensation tied to the number of hours held beyond the 48-hour mark. The case was filed because extended detention without a timely judicial check can amount to an unlawful seizure under the Fourth Amendment and a due-process problem, turning what should be a short administrative delay into days of jail time without court review. Its significance is both personal and systemic: for affected individuals it compensates time spent jailed past the constitutional deadline, and for local agencies it highlights how breakdowns in booking, court scheduling, and jail-court communication can translate into civil-rights liability even when officials dispute wrongdoing. The settlement’s structure—paying more for longer over-detentions—also reflects the core alleged harm: each additional hour without a prompt probable-cause determination is treated as a measurable deprivation. More broadly, the dispute fits into a long line of “over-detention” and prompt-presentment cases nationwide, where municipalities, sheriffs, and court officials have faced class actions alleging routine delays in bringing arrestees before judges. The key regulatory and industry context is the 48-hour benchmark established by U.S. Supreme Court precedent (often discussed under *Gerstein*/*Riverside*), which many jurisdictions operationalize through jail standards, court rules, and weekend/holiday procedures intended to ensure timely hearings. When those systems fail—because of staffing constraints, calendar practices, or unclear responsibility between police, courts, and jails—similar litigation can push agencies to modernize scheduling, adopt clearer handoff protocols, and use technology to prevent people from being held past constitutional time limits without judicial review.